基本釋義
中文:跑步
在英語當中run是一個經常用的單詞,run有幾種時态:
一般現在時:run
現在分詞:running
第三人稱單數形式:runs
一般過去時:ran
過去分詞:run
這種時态是我們英語常用的時态。
例:
I can run.
I ran yesterday.
I am going to run tomorrow.
I have run since 2000.
等等.....
用作動詞
基本釋義
vt. & vi.跑movefast on foot
vt. & vi.移動 move or travel in some other way
vt. & vi.(使)流動 (cause to) flow
vt. & vi.操縱; 管理 operate or be in charge of
vi.延伸,延續 continue in a particular direction or state
n. 下線 l have to run now
基本要點
⒈run的基本意思是“跑”“移動”,指人、動物或車輛以一定速度前進或移動,引申可表示“(使)流動”,指水流、血液或眼淚比較湍急、源源不斷地在一段時間内流淌。用在日常非正式場合時,還可表示“操縱”“管理”,指使具體事物或企業按照人的意志進行或發展。引申可表示“延伸”“延續”等。
⒉run主要用作不及物動詞,也可用作及物動詞。用作及物動詞時,接名詞、代詞或由that引導的從句作賓語,有時還可接雙賓語,其間接賓語可轉化成介詞to或for的賓語。可用于被動結構。run用作不及物動詞時其後可跟動詞不定式作狀語,不定式符号to有時可以省略。
⒊run還可用作系動詞,意思是“用”“達到”“變得”,常接形容詞作表語。用于比賽時可接序數詞,表示“跑第幾名”。
⒋run的現在進行時可表示按計劃或安排、打算将要發生的動作,此時句中一般有表明将來的時間狀語或特定的上下文。
⒌run的過去式是ran,過去分詞是run。
詞語搭配
~+名詞
run a hotel經營一家旅館
run a factory經營一家工廠
run all the way一路跑
run blockade沖破封鎖
run business經商
run company經營公司
run counter to違反,與…背道而馳
run errands供差遣
run extra train增開加班列車
run grocery shop經營雜貨店
run horse策馬
run machine操縱機器
run projector開放映機
run race賽跑
run risk冒險
run sb's life主宰某人的生活
run school管理學校
run water放水
~+形容詞
run dry變幹
run free随便亂跑
run low不夠了
run short缺乏
run smooth進展順利
run wild無人管
~+副詞
run blindly盲目地經營
run easily容易管理
run efficiently有效地管理
run eventually最後達到
run frantically狂亂地跑
run infallibly必然地逃走
run noiselessly悄悄地跑
run obediently馴服地操作
run rapidly快速地跑
run readily準備跑
run regularly整齊地跑
run safely安全地跑
run serially連續地跑
run slowly緩慢地跑
run smoothly平穩地移動
run speedily快速地移動
run successfully成功地經營
run swiftly迅速地移動
run about跑來跑去
run along 跑開,走掉
run around 到處亂跑,合得來,關系密切
run away 跑掉,逃跑
run back跑回
run down流下來,疲憊不堪
run in快速進入
run off走開
run on滔滔不絕往下說
run out用完,滿期,告終
~+副詞+介詞
run away from sth擺脫某事
run away with不受…約束
run down to延伸至,伸展到
run out on sb抛棄某人
run up迅速上升
run up against達到,遇到,和…沖突
run up to達到,向…跑去
~+介詞
run across穿過,碰到
run after追逐…
run after a bus追趕公共汽車
run against反對
run one's head against the wall把頭往牆上撞
run at 沖向,撲向
run between在…之間定期往返
run between the two cities往來于兩城之間
run down很快跑下,傾瀉
run down the stairs跑下樓梯
run for 競選,跑去找
run for Congress 參加國會議員競選
run for dear life拼命跑
run for office 競選公職
run for the President競選總統
run from從…伸展
run from the field of battle臨陣脫逃
run in the 3000 metres參加三千米賽跑
run into偶然碰見,撞見,碰到,跑進,陷入,撞
run into an old friend 偶遇老朋友
run into danger遇到危險
run into trouble碰上麻煩
run on涉及
run on a problem涉及某問題
run over浏覽,匆匆複習,略述,溢出
run round the house圍着房子跑
run through 花光,穿過,浸透,略談,浏覽,勾銷
run through the mountain穿山而過
run to 伸展到,跑到…,累積,尋求…的幫助
run short,run short of
這兩個短語都是“快用完”的意思。前者相當于不及物動詞,主語一般為物,以主動形式表示被動意義;後者相當于及物動詞,其主語為人或部門,of後接表示時間或錢、物的名詞。例如:
The flour is running short.
面粉快用完了。
We have run short of flour.
我們的面粉快用完了。
run away,escape,flee,fly
這組詞(組)都有“跑開”“逃跑”“逃亡”的意思。其區别在于:escape多表示逃跑後的結果(如未被捕獲,并不指逃跑的動作);flee表示逃跑的行為本身,常含有“懼怕”的意味。例如:
Many people fled the burning hotel.許多人逃離了着火的旅館。
There was evidence that the burglars had been frightened and had fled.有證據說竊賊是受驚之後倉皇逃走的。
fly強調“逃跑”的倉促性,通常帶有緊急意味。例如:
Why did the sportsman fly his country?為什麼那個運動員叛逃到國外去呢?
run away多用于口語,指不讓人知道,有時含有“不辭而别”的意味。例如:
He ran away twice from his boarding school.他兩次從寄宿學校出走。run,flow,pour,stream
這組詞的共同意思是“流”“流動”。其區别是:
⒈flow,run,stream和pour都可指液體流動;flow還可指氣體流動;pour還可指光線、微粒等傾瀉。
⒉時間上:flow一般指源源不斷地、長時間地流動;run既可以是源源不斷地、長時間地流動,也可以是流動一段時間;stream和pour多指短時間地流動。
⒊方向上:指液體流動時,flow是水平流動;run和stream既可水平流動,也可垂直流動;pour是垂直流動。
⒋流速上:從快到慢依次為pour,stream,run,flow。具體說就是flow是平平穩穩地流動;run比較湍急;stream比run更有力;pour則是“傾瀉”。
⒌flow,stream和pour常用于比喻,run很少用于比喻。例如:
The river was flowing quietly.河水靜靜流着。
She let her hair down so that it flew darkly over her shoulders.她讓烏黑的頭發披散下來,飄垂到肩上。
The river runs through hills and fields.河水流經山岡和田野。
The water runs out of the pipe into the bucket.水自管内注入水桶中。
Tears were streaming down her face.她臉上熱淚滾滾而下。
The students streamed into the auditorium.學生們絡繹不絕地進入禮堂。
?下面三句話的意思相同:
She poured me a cup of tea.
She poured a cup of tea for me.
She poured me out a cup of tea.
她給我倒了一杯茶。
race,gallop,run
這組詞的意思都是“跑”。其區别是:race指與他人比較走得快慢,強調速度上的比賽;gallop多指馬全速奔跑,也可指人飛快地跑;run指以一定的速度跑。例如:
I'll race you to the end of the road.我和你比賽,看誰先跑到這路的盡頭。
Don't bother galloping after the bus,you'll never catch it.别費勁去追趕那輛公共汽車了,你怎麼也趕不上的。
I used to run when I was in middle school.我在中學的時候常常跑步。
?run,manage,operate
三者都表示“經營”“管理”。它們的區别是:
⒈operate含所有人與代理人共同經營的意思。
⒉manage指對經營的工廠、商店等全面的監督,包括處理問題和日常事務,但不一定擁有所有權。例如:
She managed the shop while the owner was away.店主出門去的時候,她照管商店。
She manages the money very well.她理财有方。
⒊run指使經營管理的工廠、企業等運轉起來,多為自籌資金,擁有所有權。例如:
Mr. Smith runs a grocery shop.史密斯先生經營一家雜貨店。
They ran the nurseries extremely well.他們把托兒所辦得很好。
?下面兩句意思相同:
Her face was running down with tears.
Tears were running down her face.
她淚流滿面。
下面各組中的兩個句子意思不同:
The policeman is running after him.
警察正在追趕他。
The policeman is running behind him.
警察在他後面跑。
She ran to me with a knife.
她拿着一把刀子向我跑來。
She ran at me with a knife.
她拿着一把刀子向我襲來。
The farmer ran up a house.
那農夫爬上房。
The farmer ran a house up.
那個農夫匆匆建起一棟房子。
The poor woman ran home.
那可憐的女人跑回家。
The poor woman ran a home.
那個可憐的女人照管一個家。
作管理解
run作“管理”解時是非正式用語,正式場合應該用operate或manage。
用作名詞
基本釋義
C跑,奔跑 act or period of running on foot
U C旅行,旅程 instance or period of travelling by car,train,etc.
C行駛路線 route taken by vehicles,ships,etc.
C持續的演出,一連串事件 series of performances,a continuous set of similar events
C時期,一段時間 period or succession; spell
U C趨勢,趨向 tendency or trend of sth
詞語要點
run用作名詞意思是“跑,奔跑”,也可指“旅行,運行期間”,主要強調運行或旅行的路程,也可指“行駛路線”。run還可指“持續的演出”“時期,一段時間”。引申可指“趨向,趨勢”“兜風”“購物潮”“得分”等。
詞語搭配
動詞+~
cover run走完航程
finish run結束航程
score a run得了一分
形容詞+~
average run普通人
brief run暫時暢銷
common run普通人
considerable run銷路很好
extra run增開一班次
good run暢銷
hurried run匆匆跑
last run最後一班
long run長期演出
non-stop run直達航線
名詞+~
railroad run火車路程
介詞+~
after a run of一連串的…
at a run跑步by the run
猛然,馬上during a run of
在…時間内for a run
跑步off run
不再航行on run
在航線上on the run
逃跑,奔波out of the run
不尋常的事to a run
跑起來with a run
突然下降
~+介詞
run between往返于…之間
run by隻需
run from離開…的航行中
run of跑了
run of office任期
run of wet weather陰雨連綿
run on the bank銀行發生擠兌
run to去…旅行
常用短語
at a run
跑 running
He started off at a run but soon tired and slowed to at walk.他跑步出發,但很快就累得慢下來成了步行。
She left the house at a run.她跑着離開房子。
by〔with〕a/the run
迅速下降 declining quickly
Price came down by the run.物價一落千丈。
The temperature came down with a run.氣溫突然下降。
get〔have〕the run of
得到準許充分使用… get permission to make full use of sth
He has the run of the house.他獲準使用那棟房子。
I have the run of his extensive library.我有使用他藏書豐富的圖書館的自由。
She gets the run of the car.她獲準使用那輛汽車。
give the run of
準許(某人)充分使用… give (sb) the permission to make full use of sth
▲give sb the run of sth
He's given our children the run of his garden.他讓我們的孩子随便進出他的花園。
in the long run
從長遠來看,終究 ultimately; eventually
In the long run prices are bound to rise.從長遠看,物價肯定要漲。
It'll be cheaper in the long run to use genuine leather because it will last longer.使用真皮制品從長遠的觀點來看還是相對便宜的,因為真皮制品比較經久耐用。
Sure,you can profit from criticism in the long and painful run.當然,接受批評是痛苦的,但終究會對你有好處。
It will be much cheaper in the long run to buy a car.到頭來買一輛汽車将會更加便宜了。
in the short run
從短期來看,在短期内,不久 for the near future
Of course plastic's cheaper than leather in the short run,but it won't last as long.從短期來看,塑料制品當然比皮制品便宜,但塑料制品比不上皮制品經久耐用。
The TV set will be much cheaper in the short run,I suppose.我想,要不了多久電視機就更加便宜了。
on the run
⒈忙碌,奔波 continuously active and moving about
My poor father is on the run from morning till night.我那可憐的爸爸整日奔波,從早忙到晚。
⒉奔逃,逃跑 fleeing from pursuit or capture
He's on the run from the police.他正在逃避警方的緝捕。
The escaped murderer has been on the run for three weeks.殺人犯已經在逃三個星期了,還沒有抓到。
We have got the enemy on the run now.漏網的敵人已被我們抓住。
run for one's money
⒈較量,競争,對抗 competition or opposition
They may win the game,but we'll give them a good run for their money.他們即使能赢得這場比賽,我們也不會讓他們輕易取勝。
⒉滿足 reward,interest,enjoyment,etc.,especially in return for effort
I feel I've had an excellent run for my money and now I'm happy to retire.我對我一生的事業十分滿意,已退休甚為欣慰。
He lived to be 92,so I think he had a good run for his money.他活到92歲,我想他該滿足了。
同義詞
v.escape,flee,catch,hunt,seize,collide,crash,encounter,meet,exhaust,incurn.dash,rash,sprint,sequence,series
詞源
中古英語rinnen,rennen<;古挪威語rinna(跟,跑,使跑)
相關短語
1. run into sb./someone=meet someone by chance偶遇
Guess who I ran into today? Our old school friend Nancy! Small world,isn’t it?
猜猜我今天碰到誰了?我們的老同學Nancy!世界可真小啊!
2. run it to earth: 原意“趕進洞裡”,指搜查,追查
比喻刨根問底或追本溯源,與漢語俗語“打破沙鍋問到底”相似。出自英國的狩獵故事。
The book was out of print,but I eventually ran it to earth at a secondhand bookshop.
那本書已經絕版,但我終于在一家舊書店淘到了它。
3. go to earth/ground: 指人為了躲避外界的糾纏而隐藏起來
The film star eventually went to earth in a small,out-of-the-waycottage.
這位電影明星最後跑到一個荒避的小村舍躲了起來。
4. run of the true love: 真愛之路
指真正的愛情道路并不平坦,用于比喻好事多磨或苦盡甘來,與“有情人終成眷屬”相似。
Have you ever heard run of the true love? You’ve got to get out of your blue funk first and try to see her again.
你有沒有聽說過真正的愛情道路不平坦這句話?你首先得振作起來,然後再設法去見她。