簡介
動詞不定式是學習英語的難點之一,也是構成長句的一個重要因素。不定式有自己的賓語、狀語和補足語,組成不定式短語。在分析句子時要把不定式短語看作一個整體。不定式在句中可作主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語和補足語。
作賓語
He pretended not to see me.n
他假裝沒看見我。(不定式短語not to see me作賓語。)n
I haven't decided whether to sell it or not.n
我還沒有決定是否賣它。(不定式短語whether to sell it or not作賓語。)n
I find it difficult to understand him.n
我發現很難理解他。(不定式短語to understand him作真正賓語,it是形式賓語。)
作補語
My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.n
我的意見是從北面爬上山。(不定式短語to climb the mountain from the north作主語補語。)n
The teacher asked me to open the window.n
老師要我打開窗戶。(不定式短語to open the window作賓語補語。)
作修飾語
I have no wish to quarrel with you.n
我不想和你吵架。(不定式短語to quarrel with you作名詞wish的修飾語。)n
He ran to catch the bus.n
他跑步去趕公車。(不定式短語to catch the bus作動詞ran的修飾語。)n
Henry was happy to hear the news.n
聽到這個消息亨利很高興。(不定式短語to hear the news作形容詞happy的修飾語。)
時态/語态n
一般時 to do to be donen
進行時 to be doingn
完成時 to have done,to have been donen
完成進行時 to have been doing
作表語
動詞不定式做表語,一般用于be動詞或seem等系表動詞後面。主語通常是wish,idea,works,task,job,aim等詞。